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| Imperial Maritime Customs ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Chinese Maritime Customs Service
The Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a Chinese governmental tax collection agency and information service from its founding in 1854 until it split in 1949 into services operating in the Republic of China on Taiwan, and in the People's Republic of China. From its foundation in 1854 until the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911), the agency was known as the Imperial Maritime Customs Service.〔(Chinese Maritime Customs Project, University of Bristol )〕
==Background==
Prior to signature of the Treaty of Nanking by the Chinese and British governments in 1842, all foreign trade in China operated through the monopoly Canton System centered on the Southern Chinese port of Canton (now Guangzhou). The treaty abolished this monopoly and opened the further ports of Shanghai, Amoy (Xiamen), Ningpo (Ningbo) and Fuchow (Fuzhou) to international trade and brought with it the need for a mechanism to collect customs duties payable on business transacted in these places.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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